Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease

Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (from the English MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Pathological changes are manifested by the loss of myelin and, consequently, damage to the axons, as a result of which progression is assumed. Patients with multiple sclerosis have a whole range of symptoms, among which paresthesia (numbness and tingling), weakness, paralysis, spasticity, pain and dysfunction of the bladder or intestines stand out.

Cbd's powerful antioxidant properties and anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, combined with its anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, neuroprotective and intoxicating properties, have been demonstrated in many clinical trials as effective in treating patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. Studies 1, 2 and 3.

The use of CBD oil has also been shown to give particularly promising results in relieving pain and reducing spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis. The CBD oil used in the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis could therefore lower the neuroinflammatory response of the cerebral cortex, thereby preventing the potential destruction of myelin cells. Studies 4, 5 and 6

Parkinson's disease

Parkinsonism causes changes in the black matter of the midbrain, which affects the production of dopamine. Progressive disease symptoms, which include bradykinesia, muscle and joint stiffness, postural instability, dysphasia, slowing reactions, memory disorders, sleep disorders and depression and anxiety are associated with dysfunction of the dopaminergic system. The development of Parkinson's disease (a disease associated with genetic clinical endocannabinoid deficiency, CECD) is partly influenced by genetic factors, but recent studies confirm that inflammation and immune dysfunction contribute significantly to the onset of disease symptoms, especially in the case of the type with a delayed initial phase.

Studies indicate that therapeutically used CBD oil leads to a reduction in dystonia, spasticity, tremor, and even the psychotic and anxiety symptoms that accompany the disease. In addition, taking into account the antioxidant effect of CBD and its effect on modulating the response of CB1 and CB2 receptors, we can see that the pharmacological profile of CBD looks promising, especially in the context of delaying the onset of the onset of the disease. Studies 7, 8 and 9.

1. Podda, G. & Constantinescu, C. S. Nabiximols in the treatment of spasticity, pain and urinary symptoms due to multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 12, 1517–1531 (2012).

2. Koehler, J., Amato, M. P., Oreja-Guevara, C. & Lycke, J. Clinical case reviews in multiple sclerosis spasticity: experiences from around Europe. Expert Rev. Neurother. 13, 61–66 (2013).

3. Di Marzo, V. Endocannabinoid pathways and their role in multiple sclerosis-related muscular dysfunction. Expert Rev. Neurother. 11, 9–14 (2011).

4. Russo, E.B. Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency revisited: can this concept explain the therapeutic benefits of cannabis in migraine, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome and other treatment-resistant conditions? Neuroendocrinol.

5. Tzadok, M. et al. CBD-enriched medical cannabis for intractable pediatric epilepsy: The current Israeli experience. Seizure 35, 41–44 (2016).

6. Behera, A. K., Shah, S. & Barik, B.B. Development and enhancement of entrapment efficiency of isoniazid loaded poly-ε-caprolactone nanoparticle. Der Pharm. Lett. 5, 43–50 (2013).

7. García, C. & Ramos, J. A. Symptom-relieving and neuroprotective effects of the phytocannabinoid D 9 -THCV in animal models of Parkinson's disease. 163, 1495–1506 (2011).
8. Haas, J. The pathophysiology, assessment and management of multiple sclerosis spasticity: An update. Expert Rev. Neurother. 11, 3–8 (2011).
9. Valdeolivas, S., Satta, V., Pertwee, R. G. & Sagredo, O. Sativex-like Combination of Phytocannabinoids is Neuroprotective in Malonate-Lesioned Rats, an Inflammatory Model of Huntington's Disease: Role of CB 1 and CB 2 Receptors. ACS Chem. Neurosci. 3, 400–406 (2012).